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Governments at local levels are facing challenges posed by increased demand for better quality of governance. While the developed world and some Asian countries have moved very quickly, India continues to lag behind in meeting the increasing levels of citizen expectations. The massive population growth, diversity of cultures, acute poverty and high illiteracy create numerous difficulties in delivery mechanisms of government services. The existing processes of service delivery and governance need to be improved. E-governance is the effective use of Information &Communication Technology (ICT) to improve the system of governance that is in place, and thus provide better services to the Citizens. E-Governance is considered as a high priority agenda in Kashmir. E-Governance has been recognized as a vital force for transformational improvement in quality, efficiency and effectiveness of governance. The Good Governance in the Urban Local Bodies involves increased participation of the citizens, greater accountability and transparency in the operation of these bodies. In line with the transparency in the operation of these bodies in line with the national policy, the State Government has agreed to initiate a programme of reforms in the Municipal Bodies to achieve these objectives. These reform measures would include steps to raise resources by the municipal bodies and to strengthen the accountability systems in these bodies. EGovernance is the process of enabling governance experts using Information and Communication Technology (ICT) to make governance effective for citizens in terms of efficiency, transparency, and cost-effectiveness.

The connection between India Pakistan plummeted to its lowest levels in the late 1980s as the militancy was stepped up in Kashmir by Pakistan. This is not to agree that there have been patches of collaboration when peace efforts were made, particularly during the leadership of Rajiv Gandhi and Benazir Bhutto in observe to the Siachen, conflict. However, in general, the connection has been hostile and bitter. After the murder of Rajiv Gandhi and overthrow of Benazir, peace efforts were struggling to take off until I. K. Gujaral and Nawaz Sharif took charge. Hopes were raised on mutually sides of the border that the two prime ministers, being Punjabis, would welcome each other improved. Both took initiatives to resume the delayed talks and showed their decide to remove the barriers from Indo-Pakistani ties. In India, headship changed hands normally from the mid 1990s onwards. Pakistan was a bit stable under Nawaz Sharif who had shown the interest in humanizing relations with India. But with the coming one of the Bhartiya Janata Party to power In India, doubts were bound to be expressed in Pakistan. Though Atal Behari Vajpayee lasted only 11 days as Prime Minister, his next tenure in 1998 proved otherwise. This time, leading a alliance government, Vajpayee was solid in proving his critics, both in India and Pakistan, wrong by making honest efforts to improve the connection. Vajpayee tried to work out his family and external agendas in tandem. On the one hand in May 1998, he gave consent to check five nuclear devices in Pokhran and step up the missile programme, and on the other, he comprehensive his hand of familiarity to Pakistan. In return, Pakistan responded by explosion its first ever nuclear machine in the Chagai hills and carrying out a succession of missile tests. Amidst these developments Vajpayee also made a momentous bus trip to Lahore through the Wagah border and signed the Lahore statement there with Nawaz Sharif.

Abstract: The concept of empowerment has become a popular term used mostly by social scientists and especially by feminist scholars. It is deeply interlinked with gender equality which appears to be the ultimate goal of women empowerment. One of the vital facets of empowerment is that women being capable of participating in decision making process alike their male counterparts on all walks of life. Rural empowerment of women has emerged as an important issue in recent times. In rural areas, women being the biggest segment are the back bone of the Indian economy. They are the key agents for achieving the transformational economic, environmental and social changes required for sustainable development. The focus of this paper is to highlight the rural empowerment of women in Kashmir valley. In Kashmir valley, rural women are the most vulnerable section of the society. They not only face extreme humiliation and harassment, but also are subject to prolonged depression. Rural empowerment of woman in Kashmir valley is being regarded as sine-quo-non of progress for that very state hence, the issue of rural women empowerment in Kashmir valley is of paramount importance to political thinkers, social scientists and reformers. The self-help groups, MANREGA, Education, various schemes, Government laws and provisions, NGO's and also self-realization have paved the way for rural empowerment of women in Kashmir valley. Through that, they are becoming independent and providing employment opportunities to others.

In this research paper an attempt has been made to highlight the I menace of sexual harassment at various work places in India. In our male dominated society women are facing the serious evil of sexual harassment in day to day life not only in formal institutions and working places but also in informal places like fields, roads especially women engaging in labour work in construction of buildings and also women working as street vendors. So to tackle this challenge government should implement laws strictly and organize anti-harassment workshops in all working places so that everyone fells the sense of responsibility to fight against the evil by respecting chastity of all women in the country.